XPOF

XPONENTIAL FITNESS INC

Consumer Cyclical | Small Cap

$0.42

EPS Forecast

$81.35

Revenue Forecast

Announcing earnings for the quarter ending 2024-12-31 soon
EX-99.1 2 d316211dex991.htm EX-99.1 EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

 

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Xponential Fitness, Inc. Announces First Quarter 2023 Financial Results

 

   

Grew Q1 2023 revenue 40% and North America system-wide sales 42%, compared to Q1 2022

 

   

Sold 188 franchise licenses and opened 115 new studios in Q1 2023

 

   

Sold 5,638 total franchise licenses and had 2,756 total studios operating as of Q1 2023

 

   

Raises full year 2023 outlook in North America system-wide sales, revenue and Adjusted EBITDA at +33%, +20% and +40%, respectively, year-over-year at the midpoint of guidance

IRVINE, Calif., May 4, 2023 – Xponential Fitness, Inc. (NYSE: XPOF) (“Xponential” or the “Company”), the largest global franchisor of boutique fitness brands, today reported financial results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2023. All financial figures included in this release refer to global numbers, unless otherwise noted. Definitions for the non-GAAP measures and a reconciliation to the corresponding GAAP measures are included in the tables that accompany this release.

Financial Highlights: Q1 2023 Compared to Q1 2022

 

   

Grew revenue 40% to $70.7 million.

 

   

Increased North America system-wide sales1 by 42% to $317.8 million.

 

   

Reported North America same store sales2 growth of 20%, compared to growth of 47% in Q1 of 2022.

 

   

Reported North America quarterly run-rate average unit volume (AUV)3 of $542,000, compared to $450,000.

 

   

Posted net loss of $15.0 million, or a loss of $1.38 per basic share, on a share count of 30.8 million shares of Class A Common Stock, compared to a net loss of $15.2 million, or a loss of $1.51 per basic share, on a share count of 22.7 million shares of Class A Common Stock.

 

   

Posted adjusted net income of $1.3 million, or a loss of $0.02 per basic share, compared to an adjusted net loss of $5.3 million, or a loss of $0.19 per basic share.

 

   

Reported Adjusted EBITDA4 of $22.9 million, compared to $14.5 million.

“The growth in our North American AUVs and same store sales during the quarter is compelling, indicating consumers continue to prioritize spending on our experiential offerings,” said Anthony Geisler, CEO of Xponential Fitness, Inc. “The results speak to the strength of our brands, the quality of our franchisees, and the support they are receiving. We are seeing momentum continue through the first part of the second quarter; with this growth, we are raising our annual guidance expectations.”

 

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Results for the First Quarter Ended March 31, 2023

For the first quarter of 2023, total revenue increased $20.3 million, or 40%, to $70.7 million, up from $50.4 million in the prior year period. This increase included a corresponding North America same store sales increase of 20%.

Net loss totaled $15.0 million, or a loss of $1.38 per share, compared to a loss of $15.2 million, or a loss of $1.51 per share, in the prior year period. The decrease in net loss was the result of $2.8 million of lower overall profitability, a $6.2 million increase in non-cash contingent consideration primarily related to the Rumble acquisition, and a $9.2 million decrease in non-cash equity-based compensation expense. Please see the table at the end of this press release for a calculation of the basic and diluted loss per share for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.

Consistent with previous periods, the Rumble acquisition non-cash contingent consideration liability is marked-to-market based on Xponential’s share price, contributing to a $15.7 million liability increase in the first quarter of 2023.

Adjusted Net Income for the first quarter 2023, which excludes the $15.7 million non-cash contingent consideration related primarily to the Rumble acquisition and $0.6 million related to the re-measurement of the Company’s tax receivable agreement, was $1.3 million, or a loss of $0.02 per basic share, on a share count of 30.8 million shares of Class A Common Stock.

Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as net income (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted for equity-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes, acquisition and transaction expenses, litigation expenses, financial transaction fees and related expenses, and tax receivable agreement remeasurement, increased to $22.9 million, up from $14.5 million in the prior year period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $28.1 million of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and $266.7 million in total long-term debt. Net cash provided by operating activities was $11.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

2023 Outlook

Based on the Company’s performance in the first quarter and the beginning of the second quarter, Xponential is increasing its full-year 2023 guidance for system-wide sales, revenue and Adjusted EBITDA, and re-affirming guidance for net new studio openings as follows:

 

   

Net new studio openings in the range of 540 to 560, or an increase of 8% at the midpoint as compared to full year 2022;

 

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North America system-wide sales in the range of $1.37 billion to $1.38 billion, or an increase of 33% at the midpoint as compared to full year 2022; this compares to previous guidance of $1.34 billion to $1.35 billion;

 

   

Revenue in the range of $290.0 million to $300.0 million, or an increase of 20% at the midpoint as compared to full year 2022; this compares to previous guidance of $285.0 million to $295.0 million; and

 

   

Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $102.0 million to $106.0 million, or an increase of 40% at the midpoint as compared to full year 2022; this compares to previous guidance of $101.0 million to $105.0 million.

Additional key assumptions for full year 2023 include:

 

   

Tax rate in the mid-to-high single digits;

 

   

Share count of 32.6 million shares of Class A Common Stock for the GAAP EPS and Adjusted EPS calculations. A full explanation of the Company’s share count calculation and associated EPS and Adjusted EPS calculations can be found in the tables at the end of this press release; and

 

   

$1.9 million in quarterly dividends paid related to the Company’s Convertible Preferred Stock.

First Quarter 2023 Conference Call

The Company will host a conference call today at 1:30 p.m. Pacific Time / 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time to discuss its first quarter 2023 financial results. Participants may join the conference call by dialing 1-877-407-9716 (United States) or 1-201-493-6779 (International).

A live webcast of the conference call will also be available on the Company’s Investor Relations site at https://investor.xponential.com/. For those unable to participate in the conference call, a telephonic replay of the call will be available shortly after the completion of the call, until 11:59 p.m. ET on Thursday, May 18, 2023, by dialing 1-844-512-2921 (United States) or 1-412-317-6671 (International) and entering the replay pin number: 13737385.

About Xponential Fitness, Inc.

Xponential Fitness, Inc. (NYSE: XPOF) is the largest global franchisor of boutique fitness brands. Through its mission to make boutique fitness accessible to everyone, the Company operates a diversified platform of ten brands spanning across verticals including Pilates, indoor cycling, barre, stretching, rowing, dancing, boxing, running, functional training and yoga. In partnership with its franchisees, Xponential Fitness offers energetic, accessible, and personalized workout experiences led by highly qualified instructors in studio locations across 49 U.S. states and Canada, and through master franchise or international expansion agreements in 16 additional countries. Xponential Fitness’ portfolio of brands includes Club Pilates, the largest Pilates brand in the United States; CycleBar, the largest indoor cycling brand in the United States; StretchLab, a

 

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concept offering one-on-one and group stretching services; Row House, the largest franchised indoor rowing brand in the United States; AKT, a dance-based cardio workout combining toning, interval and circuit training; YogaSix, the largest franchised yoga brand in the United States; Pure Barre, a total body workout that uses the ballet barre to perform small isometric movements, and the largest Barre brand in the United States; STRIDE, a treadmill-based cardio and strength training concept; Rumble, a boxing-inspired full-body workout; and BFT, a functional training and strength-based program. For more information, please visit the Company’s website at xponential.com.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our results determined in accordance with GAAP, we believe non-GAAP measures are useful in evaluating our operating performance. We use certain non-GAAP financial information, such as EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, which exclude certain non-operating or non-recurring items, including but not limited to, equity-based compensation expenses, acquisition and transaction expenses, litigation expenses, employee retention credit, financial transaction fees and related expenses, and tax receivable agreement remeasurement, that we believe are not representative of our core business or future operating performance, to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe that non-GAAP financial information, when taken collectively with comparable GAAP financial measures, is helpful to investors because it provides consistency and comparability with past financial performance and provides meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by excluding certain items that may not be indicative of our business, results of operations or outlook. However, non-GAAP financial information is presented for supplemental informational purposes only, has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly titled non-GAAP measures differently or may use other measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-GAAP financial measures as tools for comparison. We seek to compensate such limitations by providing a detailed reconciliation for the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures stated in accordance with GAAP. Investors are encouraged to review the related GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. For a reconciliation of non-GAAP to GAAP measures discussed in this release, please see the tables at the end of this press release. In addition, we are not able to provide a quantitative reconciliation of the estimated full-year Adjusted EBITDA for fiscal year ending December 31, 2023 without unreasonable efforts to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure due to the high variability, complexity and low visibility with respect to certain items such as taxes, TRA remeasurements, and income and expense from changes in fair value of contingent consideration from acquisitions. We expect the variability of these items to have a potentially unpredictable and potentially significant impact on future GAAP financial results, and, as such, we also believe that any reconciliations provided would imply a degree of precision that would be confusing or misleading to investors.

 

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Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections of future performance based on management’s judgment, beliefs, current trends, and anticipated financial performance. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to expected growth of our business; projected number of net new studio openings; anticipated industry trends; projected financial and performance information such as system-wide sales; projected annual revenue, Adjusted EBITDA and other statements under the section “2023 Outlook”; our competitive position in the boutique fitness industry; and ability to execute our business strategies. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, our relationships with master franchisees, franchisees and international partners; difficulties and challenges in opening studios by franchisees; the ability of franchisees to generate sufficient revenues; risks relating to expansion into international markets; loss of reputation and brand awareness; general economic conditions and industry trends; and other risks as described in our SEC filings, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the full year ended December 31, 2022 filed by Xponential with the SEC and other periodic reports filed with the SEC. Other unknown or unpredictable factors or underlying assumptions subsequently proving to be incorrect could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance, or achievements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All information provided in this press release is as of today’s date, unless otherwise stated, and Xponential undertakes no duty to update such information, except as required under applicable law.

Contact:

Kimberly Esterkin

Addo Investor Relations

investor@xponential.com

(310) 829-5400

 

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Xponential Fitness, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     March 31,     December 31,  
     2023     2022  

Assets

    

Current Assets:

    

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

   $ 28,135     $ 37,370  

Accounts receivable, net

     22,408       25,555  

Inventories

     12,962       10,864  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     9,918       6,294  

Deferred costs, current portion

     4,083       4,131  

Notes receivable from franchisees, net

     1,501       1,520  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     79,007       85,734  

Property and equipment, net

     19,171       18,524  

Right-of-use assets

     40,487       30,079  

Goodwill

     165,697       165,697  

Intangible assets, net

     134,691       137,175  

Deferred costs, net of current portion

     43,530       43,620  

Notes receivable from franchisees, net of current portion

     851       1,067  

Other assets

     862       795  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 484,296     $ 482,691  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock and equity (deficit)

    

Current Liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 18,741     $ 16,185  

Accrued expenses

     14,328       12,295  

Deferred revenue, current portion

     31,276       31,996  

Current portion of long-term debt

     4,260       3,035  

Other current liabilities

     8,553       9,265  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     77,158       72,776  

Deferred revenue, net of current portion

     110,809       109,465  

Contingent consideration from acquisitions

     43,665       28,182  

Long-term debt, net of current portion, discount and issuance costs

     257,626       133,039  

Lease liability

     39,888       30,583  

Other liabilities

     6,611       8,633  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     535,757       382,678  

Commitments and contingencies

    

Redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 400 shares authorized, 115 and 200 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively

     227,290       308,075  

Stockholders’ equity (deficit):

    

Undesignated preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 4,600 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

     —         —    

Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 32,899 and 27,571 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively

     3       3  

Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 16,731 and 21,647 shares issued, and 16,656 and 21,572 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively

     2       2  

Additional paid-in capital

     438,038       505,186  

Receivable from shareholder

     (19,956     (16,369

Accumulated deficit

     (639,207     (641,903

Treasury stock, at cost, 75 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

     (1,697     (1,697
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ deficit attributable to Xponential Fitness, Inc.

     (222,817     (154,778

Noncontrolling interests

     (55,934     (53,284
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ deficit

     (278,751     (208,062
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ deficit

   $ 484,296     $ 482,691  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Xponential Fitness, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2023     2022  

Revenue, net:

    

Franchise revenue

   $ 32,966     $ 25,500  

Equipment revenue

     13,094       7,779  

Merchandise revenue

     7,164       6,083  

Franchise marketing fund revenue

     6,211       4,435  

Other service revenue

     11,255       6,565  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue, net

     70,690       50,362  

Operating costs and expenses:

    

Costs of product revenue

     14,035       9,592  

Costs of franchise and service revenue

     4,032       4,234  

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     34,885       33,919  

Depreciation and amortization

     4,197       3,492  

Marketing fund expense

     5,006       4,355  

Acquisition and transaction expenses

     15,742       9,544  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating costs and expenses

     77,897       65,136  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating loss

     (7,207     (14,774

Other (income) expense:

    

Interest income

     (636     (389

Interest expense

     7,977       2,861  

Other expense

     554       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other expense

     7,895       2,472  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

     (15,102     (17,246

Income tax benefit

     (123     (2,067
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

     (14,979     (15,179

Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     (4,996     (7,660
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to Xponential Fitness, Inc.

   $ (9,983   $ (7,519
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss per share of Class A common stock:

    

Basic

   $ (1.38   $ (1.51

Diluted

   $ (1.38   $ (1.51

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding:

    

Basic

     30,754       22,737  

Diluted

     30,754       22,737  

 

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Xponential Fitness, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)(in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2023     2022  

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net loss

   $ (14,979   $ (15,179

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     4,197       3,492  

Amortization and write off of debt issuance cost

     283       33  

Amortization of discount on long-term debt

     609       151  

Change in contingent consideration from acquisitions

     15,742       9,546  

Amortization of right-of-use assets

     1,212       469  

Bad debt recovery

     (21     (617

Equity-based compensation

     6,056       15,248  

Non-cash interest

     (478     (208

Gain on disposal of assets

     —         (43

Changes in assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     3,230       (3,300

Inventories

     (2,098     (2,289

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (3,083     (2,117

Operating lease liabilities

     (1,228     (489

Deferred costs

     138       (818

Notes receivable, net

     2       5  

Accounts payable

     2,794       (2,758

Accrued expenses

     433       (4,633

Other current liabilities

     (1,800     20  

Deferred revenue

     624       5,924  

Other assets

     (68     (10

Other liabilities

     (214     461  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

     11,351       2,888  

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Purchases of property and equipment

     (2,127     (1,798

Proceeds from sale of assets

     —         65  

Purchase of intangible assets

     (470     (316

Notes receivable issued

     —         (585

Notes receivable payments received

     212       426  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (2,385     (2,208

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Borrowings from long-term debt

     126,100       —    

Payments on long-term debt

     (1,065     (740

Debt issuance costs

     (115     (46

Payment of preferred stock dividend and deemed dividend

     (1,320     (4,875

Payment of contingent consideration

     —         (589

Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of restricted share units

     (7,935     —    

Payments for redemption of preferred stock

     (130,766     —    

Loan to shareholder

     (3,100     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

     (18,201     (6,250
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

     (9,235     (5,570

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

     37,370       21,320  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

   $ 28,135     $ 15,750  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Xponential Fitness, Inc.

Net Loss to GAAP EPS Per Share

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2023     2022  

Numerator:

    

Net loss

   $ (14,979   $ (15,179

Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     24,588       35,003  

Less: dividends on preferred shares

     (2,069     (3,250

Less: deemed dividend

     (62,660     (50,931

Add: deemed contribution from redemption of convertible preferred stock

     12,679       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to XPO Inc. - basic and diluted

   $ (42,441   $ (34,357
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Denominator:

    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic and diluted

     30,754       22,737  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
    

Net loss per share attributable to Class A common stock - basic

   $ (1.38   $ (1.51

Net loss per share attributable to Class A common stock - diluted

   $ (1.38   $ (1.51

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted loss per share of Class A common stock:

    

Rumble Class A common stock

     —         1,300  

Restricted stock units

     1,781       2,360  

Convertible preferred stock

     7,963       13,889  

Conversion of Class B common stock to Class A common stock

     16,656       24,564  

Treasury share options

     75       —    

Rumble contingent shares

     2,024       2,024  

Profits interests, time vesting

     4       48  

 

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Xponential Fitness, Inc.

Reconciliations of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2023     2022  

Net loss

   $ (14,979   $ (15,179

Interest expense, net

     7,341       2,472  

Income tax benefit

     (123     (2,067

Depreciation and amortization

     4,197       3,492  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

EBITDA

     (3,564     (11,282

Equity-based compensation

     6,056       15,248  

Employer payroll taxes related to equity-based compensation

     474       —    

Acquisition and transaction expenses

     15,742       9,544  

Litigation expenses

     2,045       2,740  

Employee retention credit

     —         (2,597

Financial transaction fees and related expenses

     1,565       487  

TRA remeasurement

     554       313  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 22,872     $ 14,453  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     Three Months  
     Ended  
     March 31,  
     2023     2022  

Net loss

   $ (14,979   $ (15,179

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

     15,742       9,546  

TRA remeasurement

     554       313  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted net income (loss)

   $ 1,317     $ (5,320
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

     496       (2,685

Adjusted net income (loss) attributable to Xponential Fitness, Inc.

     821       (2,635

Dividends on preferred shares

     (1,290     (1,610
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Numerator - basic and diluted

   $ (469   $ (4,245
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted net loss per share - basic and diluted

   $ (0.02   $ (0.19

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic and diluted

     30,754       22,737  

Shares excluded from diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock

    

Rumble Class A common stock

     —         1,300  

Restricted stock units

     1,781       2,360  

Convertible preferred stock

     7,963       13,889  

Conversion of Class B common stock to Class A common stock

     16,656       24,564  

Treasury share options

     75       —    

Rumble contingent shares

     2,024       2,024  

Profits interests, time vesting

     4       48  

Note: The above adjusted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the adjusted net income (loss) attributable to holders of Class A common stock by the weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Total share count does not include potential future shares vested upon achieving certain earn-out thresholds. Net income, however, continues to take into account the non-cash contingent liability primarily due to Rumble.

 

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Footnotes

 

1 

System-wide sales represent gross sales by all North America studios. System-wide sales include sales by franchisees that are not revenue realized by us in accordance with GAAP. While we do not record sales by franchisees as revenue, and such sales are not included in our consolidated financial statements, this operating metric relates to our revenue because we receive approximately 7% and 2% of the sales by franchisees as royalty revenue and marketing fund revenue, respectively. We believe that this operating measure aids in understanding how we derive our royalty revenue and marketing fund revenue and is important in evaluating our performance. System-wide sales growth is driven by net new studio openings and increases in same store sales. Management reviews system-wide sales weekly, which enables us to assess changes in our franchise revenue, overall studio performance, the health of our brands and the strength of our market position relative to competitors.

 

2 

Same store sales refer to period-over-period sales comparisons for the base of studios. We define the same store sales base to include studios in North America that have been open for at least 13 calendar months as of the measurement date. Any transfer of ownership of a studio does not affect this metric. We measure same store sales based solely upon monthly sales as reported by franchisees. This measure highlights the performance of existing studios, while excluding the impact of net new studio openings. Management reviews same store sales to assess the health of the franchised studios.

 

3 

AUV is calculated by dividing sales during the applicable period for all studios being measured by the number of studios being measured. Quarterly run-rate AUV consists of average quarterly sales for all studios that are at least 6 months old at the beginning of the respective quarter, multiplied by four. Monthly run-rate AUV is calculated as the monthly AUV multiplied by twelve, for studios that are at least 6 months old at the beginning of the respective month. AUV growth is primarily driven by changes in same store sales and is also influenced by net new studio openings. Management reviews AUV to assess studio economics.

 

4 

We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA (net income/loss before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization), adjusted for the impact of certain non-cash and other items that we do not consider in our evaluation of ongoing operating performance. These items include equity-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes, acquisition and transaction expenses (including change in contingent consideration), litigation expenses (consisting of legal and related fees for specific proceedings that arise outside of the ordinary course of our business), employee retention credit (a tax credit for retaining employees throughout the COVID-19 pandemic), fees for financial transactions, such as secondary public offering expenses for which we do not receive proceeds (including bonuses paid to executives related to completion of such transactions) and expense related to the remeasurement of our TRA obligation that we do not believe reflect our underlying business performance and affect comparability. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are also frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA, viewed in addition to, and not in lieu of, our reported GAAP results, provides useful information to investors regarding our performance and overall results of operations because it eliminates the impact of other items that we believe reduce the comparability of our underlying core business performance from period to period and is therefore useful to our investors in comparing the core performance of our business from period to period.

 

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